Rust Daily Learning - Day 3
Overview
Welcome to Day 3 of the Rust daily learning series! Today, we will explore control flow in Rust, including conditionals and loops. Mastering these concepts is crucial for creating efficient and flexible Rust programs.
Conditionals
In Rust, the if statement is used for conditional execution of code. Unlike some languages, Rust doesn’t use parentheses around the condition, but it does require braces for the code block. Here’s an example:
fn main() {
let number = 5;
if number < 0 {
println!("The number is negative.");
} else if number == 0 {
println!("The number is zero.");
} else {
println!("The number is positive.");
}
}
Using if in a let Statement
In Rust, you can also use the result of an if expression in a let statement. Here’s an example:
fn main() {
let condition = true;
let number = if condition { 5 } else { 6 };
println!("The value of number is: {}", number);
}
Loops
Rust provides several looping constructs, allowing you to run a block of code multiple times.
loop
The loop keyword creates an infinite loop. To exit the loop, use the break keyword:
fn main() {
let mut counter = 0;
loop {
counter += 1;
println!("Iteration: {}", counter);
if counter == 5 {
break;
}
}
}
while
The while loop repeats a block of code as long as a condition remains true:
fn main() {
let mut number = 3;
while number != 0 {
println!("{}!", number);
number -= 1;
}
println!("Liftoff!");
}
for
The for loop iterates over a collection, such as an array or a range, executing a block of code for each item:
fn main() {
let arr = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50];
for element in arr.iter() {
println!("The value is: {}", element);
}
}
That’s all for today’s lesson on control flow in Rust. In the next installment, we’ll cover functions and their uses in Rust programs. Keep learning and see you soon!